Most people think that money is created by the state or the central bank. But central banks only issue the cash we use, which is about 10% of the total money supply. Only a fraction of money has its origin in the state, namely notes and coins. By contrast, around 90% of the money supply is created as loans by commercial banks, which earn money from them. In order to bring the power of money creation back under democratic state control, money reformers discuss three core ideas: 100% Money (also known as the Chicago-Plan or Full Reserve Banking), Positive Money and Modern Monetary Theory (MMT).
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